Definition
Portfolio screens often show unrealized gains and losses to explain current position value versus cost.
Worked example
If you bought at Rs. 100 and the share trades at Rs. 120, the Rs. 20 per share gain is unrealized until you sell.
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Glossary · PSX term
Unrealized gain.
An unrealized gain is a profit shown on a holding that has not been sold. It can change with market prices and only becomes realized after the investor sells the position.
More glossary terms
Browse all 199 terms →Free float
Free float is the portion of a listed company's shares that are available for public trading on the open market.
Dividend yield
Dividend yield shows annual dividend income as a percentage of the current share price. It helps PSX investors compare income from different stocks, but it should be reviewed with payout history, earnings quality, and whether the dividend is sustainable.
Ex-dividend date
The ex-dividend date is the date from which new buyers are not entitled to the declared dividend. PSX investors watch this date to understand dividend eligibility and price adjustments around payouts.
Bonus shares
Bonus shares are additional shares issued to existing shareholders without a cash payment. They increase the number of shares held, while the share price usually adjusts to reflect the larger share count.
Right shares
Right shares give existing shareholders the option to buy additional shares, usually at a set price and ratio. Investors should review the purpose, price, and dilution effect before deciding whether to subscribe.
Earnings per share
Earnings per share, or EPS, shows how much profit a company earned for each share. It is a common PSX valuation input, but investors should compare it with cash flow, margins, debt, and one-off gains.
Book closure
Book closure is the period when a company closes its shareholder register to determine who is eligible for a dividend, bonus, right share, or meeting vote.
Price-to-earnings ratio
The price-to-earnings ratio compares a company's share price with its earnings per share. It is a valuation shortcut, not a complete investment case, and should be compared within the same sector.
Book value
Book value is the accounting value of a company's net assets. PSX investors often compare it with market price, especially for banks and asset-heavy businesses, but it does not capture every business strength or risk.